Premedi
Biomarkers · Physical measurements

Physical Measurements

BIA, spirometry, ECG, SpO2 and blood pressure — the physical complement to our blood panels.

BIA

BIA — Body Composition

5 min

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis measures fat percentage, lean body mass, visceral fat and hydration status via electrodes on hands and feet. Painless and non-invasive.

Normal range: Fat%: 10–20% (men) / 20–30% (women)
Why important: BMI alone says nothing about the ratio of fat to muscle. BIA provides the detailed body composition that matters for metabolic health.
Included in:Basis ScanPerformance ScanElite Scan
Spirometry

Spirometry — Lung function

10–15 min

Measures lung capacity (FVC), airflow (FEV1) and the FEV1/FVC ratio. Performed via a mouthpiece and an effort to breathe in and out as forcefully as possible.

Normal range: FEV1/FVC > 0.70
Why important: Lung function decreases naturally with age and faster with smoking. Early detection allows lifestyle interventions. Important for endurance athletes.
Included in:Performance ScanElite Scan
ECG

ECG at rest

10 min

12-lead electrocardiogram records the electrical activity of the heart via electrodes on chest and extremities. Painless and performed by a nurse.

Normal range: Interpreted by physician
Why important: Detects rhythm disturbances, conduction disorders and signs of previous myocardial infarction — often without the person being aware of them.
Included in:Performance ScanElite Scan
SpO2

SpO2 — Oxygen saturation

2 min

Measurement of blood oxygen saturation via finger clip (pulse oximeter). Provides an immediate indication of lung and circulatory function.

Normal range: > 95% (normal)
Why important: Values below 92% are a signal for further investigation of lungs or heart. Simple, fast and objective measurement of oxygen transport.
Included in:Performance ScanElite Scan
BP

Blood pressure

5 min

Measurement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure at rest with an upper arm cuff. Measured three times for a reliable average.

Normal range: < 130/85 mmHg (normal) / < 120/80 mmHg (optimal)
Why important: Hypertension is the biggest modifiable cardiovascular risk factor. Many people have elevated blood pressure without knowing it (hypertension).
Included in:Basis ScanPerformance ScanElite Scan
Other biomarker categories
MetabolismHormonesCardiovascularVitamins & MineralsOrgan function